Rookie Orientation Program

The Rookie Orientation Program is a mandatory test that all first-time drivers must pass before they can compete in the Indianapolis 500, designed to familiarize them with the unique challenges of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.

Since 1936, every driver making their debut at the Indianapolis 500 has been required to complete this orientation program. This requirement applies to everyone, regardless of their racing experience. Even world champions from Formula 1, NASCAR, or other racing series must pass the test if they've never raced at Indianapolis before.

The program exists because the Indianapolis Motor Speedway presents unique challenges that differ from other racing tracks. The 2.5-mile oval features specific banking angles and requires drivers to maintain incredibly high speeds for extended periods. Without proper preparation, even experienced racers can struggle with these conditions.

The test is divided into three phases, each requiring drivers to complete a set number of laps at increasing speeds. In Phase 1, drivers must complete 10 laps at speeds between 200 and 205 miles per hour. Phase 2 requires 15 laps at 205 to 210 mph. Finally, Phase 3 demands 15 laps at speeds exceeding 210 mph. Only after successfully completing all three phases can a driver be cleared to race in the Indianapolis 500.

This safety measure was introduced following a tragic accident in 1935. Rookie driver Johnny Hannon, who had no prior experience racing on asphalt tracks, was killed during practice. His death prompted race officials to establish formal testing requirements for all newcomers, ensuring that every driver has basic familiarity with the track before race day.

The timing of the Rookie Orientation Program has evolved over the years. Originally held in May just before the race, it was moved to an earlier date in 1981. This change gives rookie drivers a quieter, less pressured environment to learn the track. Today, the orientation typically occurs months before the actual race—for instance, the 2025 Indianapolis 500 rookie test took place in October 2024.

Notable drivers who have completed the Rookie Orientation Program include two-time Formula 1 World Champion Fernando Alonso in 2017, NASCAR star Kyle Larson, and various IndyCar series rookies like Benjamin Pedersen, Marcus Armstrong, Tom Blomqvist, and Linus Lundqvist. The program ensures that all drivers, regardless of their credentials elsewhere, meet the same safety standards at Indianapolis.

The ROP, as it's commonly abbreviated, represents motorsport's commitment to driver safety while maintaining the prestigious standards of one of racing's most iconic events. It acknowledges that the Indianapolis Motor Speedway demands respect and preparation from every competitor who enters its gates.