Blocking

Blocking is a defensive driving tactic in motorsport where a leading driver changes their position on the track to prevent a car behind from overtaking them.

When a driver is trying to protect their position from a faster competitor approaching from behind, they might move their car to cover the inside line of a corner or shift over on a straightaway to close the door on a passing attempt. This is the essence of blocking – using your car's position to make it harder for another driver to get past you.

The key difference between acceptable defending and illegal blocking comes down to how many moves a driver makes. In most racing series, a driver is allowed to make one defensive move to protect their position. For example, moving to the inside of the track before a corner to take away the preferred racing line is usually considered fair racing. This single move is called defending your position.

Blocking becomes problematic when a driver makes multiple moves in reaction to the car behind. If the leading driver moves to the inside and then sees the pursuing car trying to go around the outside, moving back to block that attempt is typically against the rules. This reactive, multiple-movement defense is what most racing officials consider illegal blocking.

Different racing series have different rules about blocking. In Formula 1, drivers are explicitly allowed one move to defend their position, but making more than one change of direction is prohibited and can result in penalties. NASCAR and IndyCar have similar rules, though enforcement can vary. Some series are stricter than others about what constitutes a blocking move versus legitimate defending.

Blocking is often viewed as dangerous because it can lead to contact between cars at high speeds. When a driver behind commits to a passing move and the leading driver suddenly changes direction, there may not be enough time or space to avoid a collision. This is why most racing organizations limit defensive movements.

The consequences for blocking depend on the series and the severity of the move. Race officials might issue warnings, time penalties, or even disqualifications for particularly dangerous blocking. In some forms of racing, frustrated drivers have been known to intentionally make contact with drivers who repeatedly block them, though this is also typically penalized.

Understanding the distinction between defending and blocking is important for anyone learning about racing strategy. Defending is a legitimate and necessary skill – drivers need to be able to protect their positions. However, crossing the line into blocking by making multiple reactive moves is generally considered poor sportsmanship and a safety hazard on the track.